本文主要介绍如何将一个前端项目部署到基于nginx或者apache的虚拟机上，介绍如何搭建自己的web服务

虚拟机安装配置

首先是安装虚拟机，安装过程在这里省略，接下来主要介绍虚拟机环境的简单配置，这里使用的是centos7.16

配置虚拟机网卡信息

寻找网卡配置文件目录，并打卡

cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scriptsvi ifcfg-ens33

修改网卡配置文件

TYPE=EthernetBOOTPROTO=staticDEFROUTE=yesNAME=ens33UUID=fe0ce15e-460a-458f-a7ad-bbc1ac41e8cfDEVICE=ens33ONBOOT=yesIPADDR=172.16.6.252GATEWAY=172.16.6.1NETMASK=255.255.255.0NM_CONTROLLED=noDNS=114.114.114.114

配置DNS

cd ../vi network

添加DNS

DNS1=114.114.114.114DNS2=8.8.8.8

保存后关闭，重启网卡，就可以正常上网了。

systemctl restart network.service

查看刚刚配置的虚拟机IP地址

ip addr

关闭防火墙并使防火墙开启22端口

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=22/tcp –permanentsystemctl restart firewalld.servicesystemctl restart firewalld.service

配置yum源

为了使下载依赖包更快，这里配置了yum源为阿里云

yum install -y wget

备份/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo文件

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.back

下载阿里云的Centos-7.repo文件

wget -O CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repoyum clean allyum makecache

安装iptable 管理防火墙和端口号

先检查是否安装了iptables

service iptables status

如果没有安装iptables

yum install -y iptables##升级iptables（安装的最新版本则不需要）yum update iptables

安装iptables-services

yum install iptables-services##停止firewalld服务systemctl stop firewalld##禁用firewalld服务systemctl mask firewalld

为虚拟机防火墙增加规则

vi /ect/sysconfig/iptables##增加规则-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

Apache 安装

使用apache提高HTTP Server，下面是apache的安装命令

sudo yum install httpdsudo systemctl enable httpdsudo systemctl start httpd##启动sudo aystemctl start httpd.servicesudo service apache2 start##停止和重启sudo aystemctl stop httpd.servicesudo aystemctl restart httpd.service

安装完后配置apache的配置文件，配置web服务器

sudo vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

这里只介绍基于名称的虚拟主机配置方式，其他配置方式都很简单，可以在apache的官方文档上直接找到

vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost.conf
    
         DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/hjyb"    ServerName www.hjyb.com
    
    
         DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/hjya"    ServerName www.hjya.com
    

配置完毕后重启apache服务

service httpd restart

安装Mariadb

有人会问为什么不是mysql,MariaDB是MySQL源代码的一个分支，在意识到Oracle会对MySQL许可做什么后分离了出来（MySQL先后被Sun、Oracle收购）。除了作为一个Mysql的“向下替代品”，MariaDB包括的一些新特性使它优于MySQL。

下面是安装命令

yum install mariadb mariadb-servicesystemctl start mariadb.service

如果发现重启不了

yum search mariadbyum install mariadb-bench mariadb-devel mariadb-embedded mariadb-embedded-devel mariadb-libs mariadb-server mariadb mariadb-testsystemctl start mariadb.service

使用navicat连接数据库，如果发现连接不上，是因为centOS7默认是阻止3306端口

安装rar解压rar

wget http://www.rarlab.com/rar/rarlinux-x64-5.3.0.tar.gztar -zxvf rarlinux-x64-5.3.0.tar.gzcd rarmake#解压#rar x text.rar#rar test.rar ./test /将test目录打包为test.rar

安装nginx

安装nginx搭建静态服务器，配置代理。

安装CentOS编译环境

yum -y install gcc automake autoconf libtool makeyum install gcc gcc-c++

选定源码目录

cd /usr/local/src

安装PCRE库

wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.38.tar.gztar -zxvf pcre-8.38.tar.gzcd pcre-8.38./configuremakemake install

安装zlib库

wget http://zlib.net/zlib-1.2.11.tar.gztar –zxvf zlib-1.2.11.tar.gzcd zlib-1.2.11./configuremakemake install

安装ssl

wget https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1t.tar.gztar –zxvf opensll-1.0.1t.tar.gz

安装nginx

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.4.2.tar.gztar -zxvf nginx-1.4.2.tar.gzcd nginx-1.4.2./configure --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx \--conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf \--pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid \--with-http_ssl_module \--with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.38 \--with-zlib=/usr/local/src/zlib-1.2.11 \--with-openssl=/usr/local/src/openssl-1.0.1tmakemake install

nginx启用

sudo /usr/local/nginx/nginx

如果提示一下信息

nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()

说明80端口被占用

netstat –antp修改nginx启动端口 vim /etc/local/nginx/nginx.confServer里的listen/usr/local/nginx/nginx

查看nginx是否运行成功

nginx 停止命令

ps aux|grep nginxkill –INT nginx进程号 快速停止nginx服务kill –HUP nginx 进程号（不重启nginx，软关闭）./nginx/nginx –s reloadkill –QUIT nginx主进程号 优雅的关闭kill -9 nginx主进程号kill –HUP `cat logs/nginx.pid`

nginx虚拟主机配置方法

#基于域名server {    listen  8002;    server_name z.com;    location / {            root z.com;            index index.html;    }}#基于端口server {    listen 2002;    server_name z.com;    location / {            root /var/www/test;            index index.html;    }access_log logs/z.com.aceesss.log main;}#基于IP server {    listen 8004;    server_name 172.16.42.206;    location / {            root html/ip;            index index.html;    }}#修改默认端口server {    listen       8001;    server_name  localhost;    location / {        root   html;        index  index.html index.htm;    }    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;    location = /50x.html {        root   html;    }}#配置反向代理server {    listen 80;    root /var/www/html/hjyb;    index index.html;    server_name 172.16.42.206;    location / {            try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;    }    location /api/ {            proxy_redirect off;            proxy_set_header Host $host;            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;            proxy_pass http://172.16.42.206:7001/;    }}

配置完nginx，web服务器就搭建完毕了，接下来就可以将前端打包好的代码扔到nginx的root配置的目录下就行了